Ever wondered, how does a lens work? In layman language, a lens is a piece of glass/plastic that has curve shape to it. This curvature makes light to bend in different manner. Spherical Lenses and Cylindrical Lenses Lenses that are spherical appear round much like a ball while cylinder category lenses resemble more of tube or perhaps a canister.
The most typical lenses are spherically bent and can be found in glasses or cameras. Such lenses help rays to converge upon one point, be it your eye or a camera sensor. The image you see then, looks clear and crisp when the light is focused on just right. This is really important, especially when you are going to take a photograph or want to see clearly.
A sphere is the same curve in every direction (blends all around). Their ability to concentrate light rays from all directions allows for the resulting image that is seen in your head a range of magnifications, larger or smaller depending on how you employ them. For a simple analogy think of looking through spherical glasses, they help you see even though although the area to be seen might from any direction.
Cylindrical lenses have curvature just in one way. They bend in different directions on either axis. The only reason that they have this unique shape is to allow them to bend light in one particular direction. So a cylindrical lens will either make that squish bigger and taller, or smaller but longer. This can be especially useful in correcting some vision defects.
Spherical AND cylindrical lenses each have advantages and disadvantages. Spherical Lenses Spherical lenses are really great for most vision problems, nearsightedness (myopia), farsightedness (hypermetropia) and astigmatism. Just like glass lenses, they are also inexpensive to manufacture making them ubiquitous in various eyewear and camera gear.
There are many applications of cylindrical lenses as well. E.g. binoculars, telescopes, some cameras... and even in certain eye surgeries it is used! They correct astigmatism and can help other times in building customized images. Cylindrical lenses are also produced for glass bottles. Their consistency of refraction allows light to bend equally through the glass from its thickest points, which is critical for quality control.
There are several things to consider when deciding between a spherical and cylindrical lenses. Among the important ones is your particular problem of vision. Spherical lenses may be best if you have one of these issues: myopia, hypermetropia and astigmatism. But should you have more astigmatism, then the cylindrical lenses would possibly be doing something for you.
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